Maaddooyinka dahaarka ee polyurethane waxay u nugul yihiin inay jaale noqdaan wakhti ka dib sababtoo ah soo-gaadhista dheer ee iftiinka ultraviolet ama kulaylka, saameynaya muuqaalkooda iyo nolosha adeegga. Iyada oo la soo bandhigayo UV-320 iyo 2-hydroxyethyl thiophosphate ee silsiladda silsiladda polyurethane, polyurethane biyo-ku-salaysan oo nonionic ah oo iska caabin wanaagsan u leh jaalaha ayaa la diyaariyey oo lagu daboolay dahaarka maqaarka. Iyada oo loo marayo kala duwanaanshaha midabka, xasiloonida, mikroskoobyada elektaroonigga ah, raajada raajada iyo tijaabooyin kale, waxaa la ogaaday in wadarta kala duwanaanta midabka △ E ee maqaarka lagu daaweeyay 50 qaybood oo ka mid ah polyurethane biyaha ku salaysan oo leh caabbinta aad u fiican ee jaalaha ah waxay ahayd 2.9, heerka isbeddelka midabku wuxuu ahaa 1 darajo, waxaana jiray kaliya isbeddel midab yar. Marka lagu daro tilmaamayaasha waxqabadka aasaasiga ah ee xoogga maqaarka maqaarka iyo xirashada caabbinta, waxay muujineysaa in polyurethane-ka jaalaha ah ee diyaarsan uu hagaajin karo caabbinta jaalaha ah ee maqaarka iyadoo la ilaalinayo sifooyinka farsamada iyo xirashada caabbinta.

Maaddaama heerka nolosha dadku uu soo fiicnaaday, dadku waxay leeyihiin shuruudo sare oo loogu talagalay barkimooyinka maqaarka, ma aha oo kaliya inay u baahan yihiin inaysan waxyeello u geysan caafimaadka bini'aadamka, laakiin sidoo kale waxay u baahan yihiin inay noqdaan kuwo si qurux badan u roon. Polyurethane-ku-salaysan biyaha ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa wakiilada dahaarka maqaarka sababtoo ah badbaadada aadka u fiican iyo waxqabadka wasakhaysan, dhalaalka sare, iyo qaab dhismeedka amino methylidynephosphonate oo la mid ah kan maqaarka. Si kastaba ha noqotee, polyurethane-ku-salaysan biyaha waxay u nugul tahay huruudda hoos yimaada saamaynta muddada-dheer ee iftiinka ultraviolet ama kulaylka, oo saameeya nolosha adeegga alaabta. Tusaale ahaan, waxyaabo badan oo kabo cad oo poliurethane ah ayaa inta badan u muuqda jaale, ama ilaa xad ka weyn ama ka yar, waxaa jiri doona jaale hoos yimaada shucaaca qorraxda. Sidaa darteed, waa lagama maarmaan in la barto caabbinta jaalaha ah ee polyurethane ku salaysan biyaha.

Hadda waxaa jira saddex siyaabood oo lagu hagaajinayo caabbinta jaalaha ah ee polyurethane: hagaajinta saamiga qaybaha adag iyo kuwa jilicsan iyo beddelka alaabta ceeriin ee asalka asalka ah, ku darida walxaha organic iyo nanomaterials, iyo wax ka beddelka qaabdhismeedka.

(a) Hagaajinta saamiga qaybaha adag iyo kuwa jilicsan iyo bedelida alaabta ceeriin waxay xallin kartaa oo kaliya dhibaatada polyurethane lafteeda inay u nugul tahay jaalaha, laakiin ma xallin karto saameynta deegaanka dibadda ee poliurethane mana buuxin karto shuruudaha suuqa iyada oo loo marayo TG, DSC, caabbinta abrasion iyo tijaabinta jilicsanaanta, waxaa la ogaaday in sifooyinka jireed ee diyaarsan cimilada u adkaysata polyurethane iyo maqaar lagu daaweeyay poliurethane joogto ah. polyurethane waxay ilaalin kartaa sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee maqaarka iyada oo si weyn u hagaajinaysa caabbinta cimilada.

(b) Ku darida walxaha organic iyo nanomaterials ayaa sidoo kale leh dhibaatooyin sida xaddi badan oo dheeri ah iyo isku-dhafka jireed ee liita ee poliurethane, taasoo keentay hoos u dhac ku yimaada qalabka farsamada ee poliurethane.

(c) Xirmooyinka Disulfide waxay leeyihiin rogaal celin firfircoon oo xoog leh, taasoo ka dhigaysa tamartooda firfircoonida mid aad u hooseysa, waana la jebin karaa oo dib loo dhisi karaa dhowr jeer. Sababo la xiriira dib-u-celinta firfircoon ee curaarta disulfide, curaartani si joogto ah ayaa loo jebiyaa oo dib loogu dhisay shucaaca iftiinka ultraviolet, u beddelaya tamarta iftiinka ultraviolet ee sii deynta tamarta kulaylka. Jaallaha poliurethane waxaa sababa shucaaca ultraviolet, kaas oo kicinaya curaarta kiimikada ee walxaha polyurethane waxayna sababtaa kala-goynta dammaanadda iyo falcelinta dib-u-habaynta, taasoo keenta isbeddel qaabdhismeed iyo jaale polyurethane ah. Sidaa darteed, iyada oo la soo bandhigayo curaarta disulfide ee qaybaha silsiladaha polyurethane ee biyaha ku salaysan, is-bogsiinta iyo huruuda iska caabbinta ee polyurethane ayaa la tijaabiyay. Marka loo eego imtixaanka GB/T 1766-2008, △E wuxuu ahaa 4.68, midabka isbeddelka midabkuna wuxuu ahaa heerka 2, laakiin maadaama ay isticmaashay tetraphenylene disulfide, oo leh midab gaar ah, kuma habboona polyurethane u adkaysta jaalaha.

Nuuxiyeyaasha iftiinka ultraviolet iyo disulfides waxay u beddeli karaan iftiinka ultraviolet ee la nuugo si loo sii daayo tamarta kulaylka si loo yareeyo saameynta shucaaca iftiinka ultraviolet ee dhismaha polyurethane. Iyada oo la soo bandhigayo walaxda firfircoon ee dib loo rogi karo 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide ee marxaladda ballaarinta isku-dhafka polyurethane, waxaa lagu soo bandhigaa qaab-dhismeedka polyurethane, kaas oo ah unug-disulfide oo ka kooban kooxo hydroxyl ah oo sahlan in ay la falgalaan isocyanate. Intaa waxaa dheer, UV-320 nuugista ultraviolet ayaa la soo bandhigay si ay ula shaqeyso hagaajinta caabbinta jaalaha ee polyurethane. UV-320 oo ay ku jiraan kooxaha hydroxyl, sababtoo ah sifada ay si fudud ula falgalaan kooxaha isocyanate, ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo bandhigi karaa qaybaha silsiladda polyurethane waxaana loo isticmaalaa jaakad dhexe ee maqaarka si loo hagaajiyo caabbinta jaalaha ah ee polyurethane.

Iyada oo loo marayo tijaabada kala duwanaanta midabka, waxaa la ogaaday in caabbinta jaalaha ah ee polyureth caabbinta jaalaha ah iyada oo loo marayo TG, DSC, caabbinta abrasion iyo tijaabinta jilicsanaanta, waxaa la ogaaday in sifooyinka jireed ee polyurethane cimilada u adkaysta ee diyaarsan iyo maqaarka lagu daaweeyay polyurethane saafi ah ay ahaayeen kuwo joogto ah, taas oo muujinaysa in polyurethane cimilada u adkaysata ay ilaalin karto sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee maqaarka iyada oo si weyn u hagaajinaysa caabbinta cimilada.