Agabka dahaadhka Polyurethane waxay u nugul yihiin inay huruud noqdaan waqti ka dib sababtoo ah soo-gaadhista muddada dheer ee iftiinka ultraviolet ama kulaylka, taasoo saameysa muuqaalkooda iyo cimrigooda adeegga. Iyadoo lagu soo bandhigayo UV-320 iyo 2-hydroxyethyl thiophosphate fidinta silsiladda polyurethane, polyurethane aan biyo ku salaysan oo leh iska caabin aad u wanaagsan oo huruud ah ayaa la diyaariyey oo lagu mariyey dahaarka maqaarka. Iyada oo loo marayo kala duwanaanshaha midabka, xasilloonida, mikroskoobka elektaroonigga ah ee sawir-qaadista, spectrum-ka X-ray iyo tijaabooyin kale, waxaa la ogaaday in farqiga midabka guud ee △E ee maqaarka lagu daweeyay 50 qaybood oo ka mid ah polyurethane-ka biyaha ku salaysan ee aan ionic oo leh iska caabin aad u wanaagsan oo huruud ah uu ahaa 2.9, heerka isbeddelka midabku wuxuu ahaa 1 darajo, waxaana jiray isbeddel midab oo aad u yar. Marka lagu daro tilmaamayaasha waxqabadka aasaasiga ah ee xoogga jiidista maqaarka iyo iska caabinta xirashada, waxay muujinaysaa in polyurethane-ka jaalaha ah ee la diyaariyey uu hagaajin karo iska caabinta huruud ee maqaarka isagoo ilaalinaya sifooyinkiisa farsamada iyo iska caabinta xirashada.

Maadaama heerka nolosha dadku uu soo hagaagay, dadku waxay leeyihiin shuruudo sare oo loogu talagalay barkimooyinka kuraasta maqaarka, ma aha oo kaliya inay waxyeello u geystaan ​​​​caafimaadka aadanaha, laakiin sidoo kale waxay u baahan yihiin inay noqdaan kuwo qurux badan. Polyurethane-ka biyaha ku salaysan ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa wakiilada dahaarka maqaarka sababtoo ah ammaankiisa aadka u wanaagsan iyo waxqabadkiisa aan wasakhda lahayn, dhalaalka sare, iyo qaab-dhismeedka amino methylidynephosphonate oo la mid ah kan maqaarka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, polyurethane-ka biyaha ku salaysan wuxuu u nugul yahay huruud marka uu saameyn muddo dheer ah ku yeesho iftiinka ultraviolet ama kulaylka, taasoo saameyn ku yeelata cimriga adeegga ee walxaha. Tusaale ahaan, walxo badan oo kabo cadcad oo polyurethane ah ayaa badanaa u muuqda huruud, ama si ka weyn ama ka yar, waxaa jiri doona huruud marka la gaaro shucaaca qorraxda. Sidaa darteed, waa lama huraan in la barto iska caabbinta huruudaynta polyurethane-ka biyaha ku salaysan.

Waxaa hadda jira saddex siyaabood oo lagu hagaajin karo iska caabbinta huruudaynta ee polyurethane: hagaajinta saamiga qaybaha adag iyo kuwa jilicsan iyo beddelidda walxaha ceeriin ee sababta asalka ah, ku darista waxyaabaha dabiiciga ah iyo walxaha nano, iyo wax ka beddelka qaab-dhismeedka.

(a) Hagaajinta saamiga qaybaha adag iyo kuwa jilicsan iyo beddelka agabka ceeriin waxay xallin kartaa oo keliya dhibaatada polyurethane lafteeda oo u nugul inay huruud noqoto, laakiin ma xallin karto saameynta deegaanka dibadda ee polyurethane mana dabooli karto shuruudaha suuqa Iyada oo loo marayo TG, DSC, iska caabbinta xoqidda iyo tijaabada jiidista, waxaa la ogaaday in sifooyinka jireed ee polyurethane-ka cimilada u adkaysta iyo maqaarka lagu daweeyay polyurethane saafi ah ay yihiin kuwo isku mid ah, taasoo muujinaysa in polyurethane-ka cimilada u adkaysta uu ilaalin karo sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee maqaarka isagoo si weyn u hagaajinaya iska caabbinta cimilada.

(b) Ku darista waxyaabaha dabiiciga ah iyo walxaha nano waxay sidoo kale leedahay dhibaatooyin sida xaddi badan oo lagu daro iyo isku-darka jirka oo liita oo leh polyurethane, taasoo keentay hoos u dhac ku yimaada sifooyinka farsamada ee polyurethane.

(c) Xidhmooyinka Disulfide waxay leeyihiin dib-u-noqosho firfircoon oo xooggan, taasoo ka dhigaysa tamartooda firfircoonida mid aad u hooseysa, waxaana la jabin karaa oo dib loo dhisi karaa dhowr jeer. Sababtoo ah dib-u-noqoshada firfircoon ee xidhmooyinka disulfide, xidhmooyinkan si joogto ah ayaa loo jabiyaa oo dib loogu dhisaa shucaaca iftiinka ultraviolet-ka, taasoo tamarta iftiinka ultraviolet-ka u beddeleysa sii-deynta tamarta kulaylka. Jaallaha polyurethane-ka waxaa sababa shucaaca iftiinka ultraviolet-ka, kaas oo kiciya isku-xidhka kiimikada ee walxaha polyurethane-ka wuxuuna sababaa kala-goynta isku-xidhka iyo falcelinta dib-u-habaynta, taasoo horseedda isbeddello qaab-dhismeed iyo huruud polyurethane ah. Sidaa darteed, iyadoo la soo bandhigayo isku-xidhka disulfide qaybaha silsiladda polyurethane-ka ee ku salaysan biyaha, waxqabadka is-bogsiinta iyo iska caabbinta huruudnimada ee polyurethane-ka ayaa la tijaabiyay. Sida laga soo xigtay tijaabada GB/T 1766-2008, △E wuxuu ahaa 4.68, heerka isbeddelka midabkuna wuxuu ahaa heerka 2, laakiin maadaama ay isticmaashay tetraphenylene disulfide, oo leh midab gaar ah, kuma habboona polyurethane-ka u adkaysta huruudaynta.

Nuugayaasha iftiinka ultraviolet-ka iyo disulfides-ka ayaa iftiinka ultraviolet-ka ee la nuugo u rogi kara sii deynta tamarta kulaylka si loo yareeyo saameynta shucaaca iftiinka ultraviolet-ka ee qaab-dhismeedka polyurethane. Iyadoo la gelinayo walaxda firfircoon ee la beddeli karo ee 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide marxaladda ballaarinta isku-darka polyurethane, waxaa lagu soo bandhigayaa qaab-dhismeedka polyurethane, kaas oo ah isku-dhis disulfide ah oo ka kooban kooxo hydroxyl ah oo si fudud looga falceliyo isocyanate. Intaa waxaa dheer, nuugayaasha ultraviolet-ka UV-320 ayaa la soo bandhigayaa si ay ula shaqeeyaan hagaajinta iska caabbinta jaalaha ah ee polyurethane. UV-320 oo ka kooban kooxaha hydroxyl, sababtoo ah astaamihiisa ah inay si fudud ula falgalaan kooxaha isocyanate, ayaa sidoo kale lagu soo bandhigi karaa qaybaha silsiladda polyurethane waxaana loo isticmaali karaa dahaarka dhexe ee maqaarka si loo hagaajiyo iska caabbinta jaalaha ah ee polyurethane.

Tijaabada kala duwanaanshaha midabka, waxaa la ogaaday in iska caabbinta jaalaha ah ee polyureth-ka iska caabbinta jaalaha ah Iyada oo loo marayo TG, DSC, tijaabada iska caabbinta xoqidda iyo jiidista, waxaa la ogaaday in sifooyinka jireed ee polyurethane-ka diyaarsan ee u adkaysta cimilada iyo maqaarka lagu daweeyay polyurethane saafi ah ay yihiin kuwo isku mid ah, taasoo muujinaysa in polyurethane-ka u adkaysta cimilada uu ilaalin karo sifooyinka aasaasiga ah ee maqaarka isagoo si weyn u hagaajinaya iska caabbinta cimilada.